Internal-combustion engine.



.N-0. 57.41o. PATENTED JUNE 18, 1907.

' W. MORBY, JR-

INTERNAL GOMBUSTION ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED NOV. 2, 190B WITNESSES i y 5y mm wing ATTORNEYS WILLIAM MOREY, an, 0F NEwYoRK, N. Y.

I INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE- Specification of Letters Patent.

reamed-rune 18, 1907.

Application filed November 2, 1906. Serial 170. 341,725.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM MOREY, Jr., a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city of New York, borough of Manhattan, in the county and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Internal. Combustion Engine, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to certain improvements in internal combustion engines, and more particularly to a new ty e of engine having all of the advantages of t e four-cycle engine, including the complete scavengm and at the same time having all of-the advantages of the two-cycle engine, namel an imfiulse for every revolution of the drive s aft.

y improved engine comprises a cylinder having two pistons thereln and means for so connecting them that they travel together during the com ression and 1 the power strokes, While at t e' end of the power stroke the pistons rapidly separate and come together again to com letel clear the v(cylinderof the exhaust an refil the cylinder-with a fresh charge. To accomplish this, the pistons are so eared that one of them travels through eac h stroke in substantially the same time as through ever other stroke while the other piston trave s through two Thus, one of the out of ever four strokes at a very much faster rate t an throughthe remaining two. pistons acts alone as a scavenging and cylinder-filling piston, while the two pistons together act as the compression piston and receive the impulse after the ex losion.

teference is to behad to the accompanying drawings forming apart of this specification, in which similar characters ofreference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures, in which Figure 1 is aside elevation of an engineembodcfimg my mvention, and shown some-,

What agrammatically, the parts being in the position they occupy when at the end of the power stroke; Fi 2 is a view similar to- Fig. 1, but showing t e (parts in the'position. they occupyat the en of the. scavenging stroke; Fi 3 is a view similar to'Fi .1, but

showing t e parts-in the position eye occup at the eginmng of the, compression stro e; and Fi 4; is a view similar to Fi .1, but showing 4; e parts in the position t ey occulpy toward the end of the compression stro e.

In my improved engine Iemploy a cylin-Q der 1 of any suitable form or construction, which is provided with any suitable means which (piston rod is connected by a connectin r0 8 to a crank 9 carried on a shaft 10.

ithin the cylinder and between the piston Bend the open end 2, is provided a second piston 11 having a assage therethrough for t e piston rod 7, an having perforations shown in dotted lines, whereby atmospheric air may freely pass to and fro through the piston. This piston has a connecting rod 12 ivotally secured thereto, and this connectmg rod is attached to the crank 13 on the main drive shaft 14. -The shafts 10 and 14 are arranged in alinement with the piston rod 7, and each shaft is provided with a wheel, which wheels are in engagement during only a portion of each revolution of the main drive shaft. The wheel 15 on the main drive shaft is ofexactly four times the diameter of the wheel 16 on the shaft 10 and the wheel 15 is provided with means whereby it will only engage with the wheel 16 during This means inaybe' of any suitable character, but as is shown in the drawings, the desired result is accomplished by providing the ,whee'l 16 with ear teeth throughout its'circumference, an providin the wheel 15 with gear teeth throu hout o y a quarter of its circumference, w ereby-the wheels may intermesh, or. may rotate independently of each other without intermeshing.

In the operation .of my improved engine, the charge after having been admitted to the cylinder and ignited in any suitable manner, causes the piston 6 to be forced outward to the position shown in Fig. '1. The outward movement of this piston causes the simultaneous outward m'ovementof the piston 11,

as the two are in contact, and the ear wheels 15 and 16 do not intermesh. uring-this outward stroke the. two pistons travel at exactly the same rate, the piston 11 merely beushed ahead of the piston 6,1 1; as it i pushed outward the ower'generated is devered to the main rive shaft 14. As the two istons travel" at the same rate, the two whee s 15 and 16 also rotate at the same rate, but due to the difference in circumference. the speed of any given point on the circumference of the wheel 15 would be four times that of the speed of a given point on the circumference of thewheel 1-6. As the pistons reach the position shown in Fig. 1, the e haust valve 5 is opened by means of any suitable mechanism, not shown, and the teeth on the wheel intermesh with the teeth on the wheel 16. This causes the circumferences of the two wheels to travel at the same rate, and, therefore, causes the wheel16 to rotate at four times the speed of the wheel l5. As'the wheel 16 is now positivelyrotated and receives its ower from the wheel 15 rather than from t e piston 6, it causes this piston to travel *to the opposite end of a I the strokes of'the piston ofa fourcycle enthe cylinder, while the piston 11 travels onl a ve short distance. The parts thus amost instantaneously reach the positions indicated in Fig. 2, and the exhaust charge is completely ejected from the cylinder. As the piston 6 is still traveling at its greatly increased-speed, it-is almost instantly again.

withdrawn to the position shownin Fig. '3, the inlet valve 4 having 0 ened and the exhaust valve 5 closed, an the cylinder becomes filled with theex losive charge. This I scavenging of the cylin er and the refilling of it by a fresh charge has. thus been accomplished by the piston 6,-while the piston 11 is moved outward only a ve short distance to the end of its outward stro e.and returned again only a very short distance on its compression stroke As the piston 6 completes the intake stroke and reaches the sition shown in Fig. 3, the teeth of the wheel 15 be come disengaged from the'teeth of the wheel,

16 and the piston 6 is liberated and permitted to move at a speed de endeut upon the speed of the piston 11. e compression stroke now begins, the parts beingo erated by the action of the fl a wheel a we I manner. During t 's part ofthe cycle the power derived from the. fly-wheel is applied entirely to the piston 11,-but-asthep1ston 6 is free to move and is merely pus ed along ahead of the piston 11,, the ases' -arecom pressed until ignited, and the orcs of the explosion moves the parts again to-the. position indicated in Fig. 1. t

It will thus be noted that the pistons 6 and 11 travel together during the compression and ower strokes, one of said pistons being mere y pushed ahead of the other, while for a very short interval at the end of the power stroke, the piston 6 is caused to move at four times its normal speed toward the opposite end of the cylinder to eject the exhaust gases and draw in a fresh charge, As the piston 6 returns again to engagement with the piston of the latter is one eit ating power, and an impulse is given to the 11, its gear wheel becomes freed from the gear wheel of the piston 11, and the pistons may again move together at the same speed. V

The piston 6 of my improved engine thus performs the strokes of the piston of a foura cycle engine, but two of the strokes, namely,

scavenging and .the intake strokes, in which very little power is required, are performed at four times the speed of the other two strokes, namely, the-compression stroke and thepower stroke, inwhich a large amount of power is required or generated. As the scavenging and the refilling of the cylinder occurs during the interval at the end of the power stroke and the beginning ofthe compression stroke of the iston 1 1, every stroke her requiring or generdrive shaft 14 at every "singlerevolution of the latter. Thus the engineis a two-cycle engine, although the piston 6 performs all of g'ine "and gives to my improved engine all of the advantages of the latter.

Various changes maybe made in the construction of the mechanism for causing the two pistons to travel in the directions and at the speeds above described, as inpractice perform its-remaining two strokes, whereby a four-cycle engineis produced in which an impulse is given to the drive'shaft at every revolution of the latter.

Having thus described my invention, I

claim as newand Patent:

1.; In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder, a piston within said cylinder and having a uniform length ofstroke, and .means whereby said piston performs two of. its strokes'at a speed greater than that at which it performs theremaining two strokes.

desire to secure by Letters 2. Ina-n internal'combustion engine, a cyl- I inderhavi'ng apiston therein acting upon the four-cycle principle and having a uniform length of stroke, and means whereby the' scavenging" and intake'strokes are performed and'powerstrokes.

3'. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder having a piston therein acting upon the four-cycle principle, and means whereby two at a much greater speed than the compression of its strokes are performed in less time than eitherof the other two strokes. 4, In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder, two pistons therein, and means whereby the pistons travel in the same direction at the "same rate during two strokes of one of the pistons and at dilleren t rates during the. remaining two strokes of said piston.

power strokes of said piston and in opposite directions during the scavenging and intake strokes.

6. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder, two pistons therein, one of said pistons traveling upon the two-cycle principle and the othere upon the four-cycle principle, and means whereby the pistons travel in the same direction at the same rate during two strokes of the last mentioned piston.

7 An internal combustion engine, having an open-ended cylinder provided with inlet and outlet valves adjacent one end thereof, and two pistons therein, oneof said pistons traveling upon the four-cycle principle and the other piston located between the first mentioned piston and the open end of the cylinder, and traveling upon the two-cycle principle.

8. An internal combustion engine, having a cylinder one end thereof being open and the opposite end thereof being provided with inlet and exhaust valves, and two pistons within said cylinder, one of said pistons travelingupon the four-cycle principle and the other of said pistons being provided with perforations throughout its length, and located intermediate the first mentioned piston and the open end of the cylinderl I 9. An internalcombustion engine, having an open ended cylinder, a piston located therein and operating upon the four-cycle principle, and a second piston between said ple, said last mentioned first mentioned piston and the open end of the cylinder, and having passages whereby the space between the two pistons may communicate with the atmosphereat all times.

10. An internal combustion engine, having an open ended cylinder, a piston operating therein upon t e four-cycle rinciple, and a second piston between said dist mentionediston and-the open end of the cylinder and operating upon the two-cycle princi:

iston being provided with erforations w ereby the space between sai pistons may communicate at all times withthe atmosphere.

- 11. In an internal'combustion engine, a

cylinder having a piston therein operating 'upon thefour-cycle principle, a second piston, therein and operating upon the two-cycle principle, said last mentioned'pis'tonbeing provided with passages whereby the space between said pistons may communi- -cate at all times with the atmosphere, and

means whereby thetwo pistons travel in contact with each other during two of the strokes of the first mentioned piston, and travel independent of each other during the remaining two strokes.

12. In an internal combustion engine, a.

cylinder having an open end,a piston located is erein and acting upon the two-cycle principle, and meanstraveling with said piston during the greater part of the compression and the power strokes and adapted to travel longitudinally of the cylinder during the final portion of the power stroke and the begin: ning of the com ression stroke to remove the exhaust gas an take in a fresh charge.

13. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder, a piston located therein and acting upon the two-cycle principle, and a second piston traveling therewith during the main portion of each stroke and adapted to travel independentl thereof to eject the exhaust gases and take in a fresh charge'while the first mentioned 'piston is completing its powlir stroke and beginning its compression stro e.

cylinder, a piston located therein and acting upon the two-c cle principle, a second piston in; contact wit the first mentioned piston during the latter portion of the compression stroke and the first portion of the power stroke, and means whereby the second iston travels at a greatly increased spee to ei'lect the exhaust gases and take in a fresh arge while the first-mentioned piston is completing its power stroke and beginning its compression stroke.

In testimony whereof I have signed my I name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

' WILLIAM .MOREY, JR. Witnesses:

JNo. M. RITTER, "CLAIR W. FAIRBANK. 

